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The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species

by Charles Darwin

Pages
about 380
Category
Science
Language
English
Reading time
7 h at 250 wpm
Start readingThe whole book, as cards or one word at a time. 3.9 h at 450 wpm in Read mode.

From the opening

Primula veris or the cowslip.--Differences in structure between the two forms.-- Their degrees of fertility when legitimately and illegitimately united.--P. elatior, vulgaris, Sinensis, auricula, etc.--Summary on the fertility of the heterostyled species of Primula.--Homostyled species of Primula.--Hottonia palustris.--Androsace vitalliana.

The oxlip a hybrid naturally produced between Primula veris and vulgaris.--The differences in structure and function between the two parent-species.--Effects of crossing long-styled and short-styled oxlips with one another and with the two forms of both parent-species.--Character of the offspring from oxlips artificially self-fertilised and cross-fertilised in a state of nature.--Primula elatior shown to be a distinct species.--Hybrids between other heterostyled species of Primula.--Supplementary note on spontaneously produced hybrids in the genus Verbascum.

Linum grandiflorum, long-styled form utterly sterile with own-form pollen.-- Linum perenne, torsion of the pistils in the long-styled form alone.--Homostyled species of Linum.--Pulmonaria officinalis, singular difference in self-fertility between the English and German long-styled plants.--Pulmonaria angustifolia shown to be a distinct species, long-styled form completely self-sterile.-- Polygonum fagopyrum.--Various other heterostyled genera.--Rubiaceae.--Mitchella repens, fertility of the flowers in pairs.--Houstonia.--Faramea, remarkable difference in the pollen-grains of the two forms; torsion of the stamens in the short-styled form alone; development not as yet perfect.--The heterostyled structure in the several Rubiaceous genera not due to descent in common.

Lythrum salicaria.--Description of the three forms.--Their power and complex manner of fertilising one another.--Eighteen different unions possible.--Mid- styled form eminently feminine in nature.--Lythrum Graefferi likewise trimorphic.--L. hymifolia dimorphic.--L. hyssopifolia homostyled.--Nesaea verticillata trimorphic.--Lagerstroemia, nature doubtful.--Oxalis, trimorphic species of.--O. Valdiviana.--O. Regnelli, the illegitimate unions quite barren.- -O. speciosa.--O. sensitiva.--Homostyled species of Oxalis.--Pontederia, the one monocotyledonous genus known to include heterostyled species.

Illegitimate offspring from all three forms of Lythrum salicaria.--Their dwarfed stature and sterility, some utterly barren, some fertile.--Oxalis, transmission of form to the legitimate and illegitimate seedlings.--Primula Sinensis, illegitimate offspring in some degree dwarfed and infertile.--Equal-styled varieties of P. Sinensis, auricula, farinosa, and elatior.--P. vulgaris, red- flowered variety, illegitimate seedlings sterile.--P. veris, illegitimate plants raised during several successive generations, their dwarfed stature and sterility.--Equal-styled varieties of P. veris.--Transmission of form by Pulmonaria and Polygonum.--Concluding remarks.

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